基于海洋观测与再分析数据的海底地形估算-海洋预报

基于海洋观测与再分析数据的海底地形估算

单位：1. 中山大学海洋科学学院, 广东珠海 519082;
2. 南方海洋科学与工程广东省实验室(珠海), 广东珠海 519000;
3. 中山大学人工智能学院, 广东珠海 519082;
4. 中山大学大气科学学院, 广东珠海 519082

关键词：海面高度海底压强海底地形海底深度

分类号：P737.22

出版年·卷·期（页码）：2025·42·第一期（38-47）

摘要：

准确估算全球海底地形是海洋科学中的重要问题，也是经典难题。针对这一难题，从海洋动力学基础理论出发，提出了一条估算海底地形的新思路，即给定海面高度和海底压强，利用海水静力平衡关系高精度地估算海底地形。依据这个思路利用卫星海面高度和站位海底压强记录仪等观测数据对个别观测站位进行验证，同时利用再分析数据中的海面高度和海底压强在全球海域进行验证。结果显示，估算的海底地形误差明显小于卫星高度计和数字高程模型等传统观测手段的误差，表明上述思路具有较高的可靠性。

Accurately estimating the global seafloor topography is an important issue and a classic challenge in marine science. To tackle this problem, this study proposes a new approach for estimating the seafloor topography based on fundamental theories of ocean dynamics. Given sea surface height and ocean bottom pressure, the hydrostatic equilibrium relationship is utilized to effectively provide high-precision estimation of the seafloor topography. This paper validates the above approach at individual observation sites using satellite observations of sea surface height and records from bottom pressure recorders, and also in the global ocean using sea surface height and ocean bottom pressure from reanalysis datasets. The results show that the estimated seafloor topography errors are significantly smaller than those from traditional methods such as satellite altimetry and digital elevation models, indicating the high reliability of the proposed approach.

参考文献：

[1] 赵建虎, 欧阳永忠, 王爱学. 海底地形测量技术现状及发展趋势[J]. 测绘学报, 2017, 46(10): 1786-1794. ZHAO J H, OUYANG Y Z, WANG A X. Status and development tendency for seafloor terrain measurement technology[J]. Acta Geodaetica et Cartographica Sinica, 2017, 46(10): 1786-1794.
[2] GILLE S T, METZGER E J, TOKMAKIAN R. Seafloor topography and ocean circulation[J]. Oceanography, 2004, 17(1): 47-54.
[3] GILLE S T. Mean sea surface height of the Antarctic Circumpolar Current from Geosat data: method and application[J]. Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans, 1994, 99(C9): 18255-18273.
[4] MORROW R, CHURCH J, COLEMAN R, et al. Eddy momentum flux and its contribution to the Southern Ocean momentum balance [J]. Nature, 1992, 357(6378): 482-484.
[5] SANDWELL D T, ZHANG B H. Global mesoscale variability from the Geosat Exact Repeat Mission: correlation with ocean depth[J]. Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans, 1989, 94(C12): 17971-17984.
[6] KOSLOW J A. Seamounts and the ecology of deep-sea fisheries[J]. American Scientist, 1997, 85(2): 168-176.
[7] PITCHER T J, MORATO T, HART P J B, et al. Seamounts: ecology, fisheries & conservation[M]. Oxford: Blackwell, 2007.
[8] CHARETTE M A, SMITH W H F. The volume of Earth's ocean[J]. Oceanography, 2010, 23(2): 112-114.
[9] STOCKER T F. The ocean as a component of the climate system [J]. International Geophysics, 2013, 103: 3-30.
[10] HAXBY W F, KARNER G D, LABRECQUE J L, et al. Digital images of combined oceanic and continental data sets and their use in tectonic studies[J]. Eos Transactions American Geophysical Union, 1983, 64(52): 995-1004.
[11] HOCHMUTH K, GOHL K, UENZELMANN-NEBEN G. Playing jigsaw with Large Igneous Provinces—a plate tectonic reconstruction of Ontong Java Nui, West Pacific[J]. Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems, 2015, 16(11): 3789-3807.
[12] AN C, SEPÚLVEDA I, LIU P L F. Tsunami source and its validation of the 2014 Iquique, Chile, earthquake[J]. Geophysical Research Letters, 2014, 41(11): 3988-3994.
[13] SEPÚLVEDA I, LIU P L F, GRIGORIU M. Probabilistic tsunami hazard assessment in South China Sea with consideration of uncertain earthquake characteristics[J]. Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth, 2019, 124(1): 658-688.
[14] SMITH W H F. Seafloor tectonic fabric from satellite altimetry[J]. Annual Review of Earth and Planetary Sciences, 1998, 26(1): 697-738.
[15] Altimetric Bathymetry[EB/OL]. https://www.star.nesdis.noaa.gov/socd/lsa/AltBathy/.
[16] 王怡之. 超声检测技术[M]. 北京: 人民交通出版社, 2001. WANG Y Z. Ultrasonic detection technology[M]. Beijing: People's Transportation Press, 2001.
[17] 华乐荪. 水运工程中的声学测量技术[C]//交通水运工程科技情报网. 海洋水声学和勘察新技术论文选辑. 北京: 交通水运工程科技情报网, 1998. HUA L S. Acoustic measurement technology in water transport engineering[C]//Transportation Water Transport Engineering Science and Technology Information Network. Selected Papers on Marine Hydroacoustics and Surveying New Technologies. Beijing: Transportation Water Transport Engineering Science and Technology Information Network, 1998.
[18] WÖLFL A C, SNAITH H, AMIREBRAHIMI S, et al. Seafloor mapping-the challenge of a truly global ocean bathymetry[J]. Frontiers in Marine Science, 2019, 6: 283.
[19] DIXON T H, NARAGHI M, MCNUTT M K, et al. Bathymetric prediction from SEASAT altimeter data[J]. Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans, 1983, 88(C3): 1563-1571.
[20] SMITH W H F, SANDWELL D T. Bathymetric prediction from dense satellite altimetry and sparse shipboard bathymetry[J]. Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth, 1994, 99(B11): 21803-21824.
[21] SMITH W H F, SANDWELL D T. Global sea floor topography from satellite altimetry and ship depth soundings[J]. Science, 1997, 277(5334): 1956-1962.
[22] SANDWELL D T, SMITH W H F. Bathymetric estimation[J]. International Geophysics, 2001, 69: 441-457.
[23] VRDOLJAK L, BAŠIĆ T. Bathymetry estimation from satellite altimeter-derived gravity data[M]//BAŠIĆ T. Satellite Altimetry-Theory, Applications and Recent Advances. IntechOpen, 2023.
[24] FORD P G, PETTENGILL G H. Venus topography and kilometerscale slopes[J]. Journal of Geophysical Research: Planets, 1992, 97(E8): 13103-13114.
[25] TOZER B, SANDWELL D T, SMITH W H F, et al. Global bathymetry and topography at 15 arc sec: SRTM15+ [J]. Earth and Space Science, 2019, 6(10): 1847-1864.
[26] National Centers for Environmental Information. ETOPO 202215 arc-second global relief model[EB/OL]. NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information. [2023-11-21]. https://doi.org/10.25921/fd45-gt74.
[27] GEBCO Compilation Group. The GEBCO-2023 Grid[EB/OL]. [2023-11-21]. https://www.gebco.net/data_and_products/gridded_bathymetry_data/gebco_2023/.
[28] GARCIA H E, BOYER T P, BARANOVA O K, et al. World Ocean Atlas 2018: product documentation[EB/OL]. [2023-11-21]. https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/sites/default/files/2020-04/woa18documentation.pdf.
[29] SEOANE L, RAMILLIEN G, BEIRENS B, et al. Regional seafloor topography by extended Kalman filtering of marine gravity data without ship-track information[J]. Remote Sensing, 2022, 14(1): 169.
[30] TALLEY L D, PICKARD G L, EMERY W J, et al. Descriptive physical oceanography: an introduction[M]. 6th ed. New York: Academic Press, 2011.

服务与反馈：

【文章下载】【发表评论】【查看评论】【加入收藏】