上海近海一次典型海雾过程分析及数值模拟

作者：邓云匀1  沈心仪2  胡松1  刘旺3  徐一凯1

单位：1. 上海海洋大学海洋科学与生态环境学院, 上海 201306; 2. 上海市海洋监测预报中心, 上海 200062; 3. 上海海洋气象台, 上海 200003

关键词：海雾 上海近海 WRF模式 数值模拟

分类号：P732.2

出版年·卷·期（页码）：2025·42·第四期（48-59）

摘要：

基于站点实测数据、ERA5再分析数据、FNL再分析数据以及COMS卫星云图对2018年3月27日—4月1日发生在上海近海的一次海雾事件过程进行分析，并利用WRF模式从长波辐射方案、边界层方案以及海表温度3个方面进行敏感性试验。结果表明：海雾的维持与高压后部及低压前部的天气形势紧密相关；冷高压南下是海雾天气结束的重要原因；边界层方案为MYNN2方案、长波辐射方案为RRTMG方案时，对气象要素模拟的定量评估效果最佳；针对雾区范围的定性分析表明，YSU方案与RRTMG方案的组合略优于MYNN2与RRTMG方案的组合；降低海表温度时模拟的雾区范围增大，对轻雾的影响更显著；浓雾阶段，有利于海雾发展的湍流动能为0.1～0.4 m2/s2，轻雾阶段则约为0.1 m2/s2。

Based on the station measured data, ERA5 reanalysis data, FNL reanalysis data and COMS satellite cloud maps, we analyze a sea fog event occurring offshore Shanghai during March 27—April 1, 2018, and carry out sensitivity tests using the WRF model to study the event from three aspects, i. e. the longwave radiation scheme, the boundary layer scheme, and the sea surface temperature. The results are as follows: The maintenance of the sea fog event closely relates to the weather conditions at the high pressure rear and the low pressure front; The southward movement of the cold high pressure is an important reason for the decay of the event; The simulation of meteorological elements performs best in the quantitative evaluation when uses MYNN2 for the boundary layer and RRTMG for the longwave radiation; The simulation using YSU and RRTMG performs better than that using MYNN2 and RRTMG in the qualitative assessment of the fog area; The decrease of SST leads to the increase of simulated fog area, which has a stronger impact on the light fog; The turbulence kinetic energy of 0.1～0.4 m2/s2 is favorable for the development of dense fog, and the value is about 0.1 m2/s2 for the development of light fog.

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