基于SWAN模式的舟山海域波浪能资源的评估研究-海洋预报

基于SWAN模式的舟山海域波浪能资源的评估研究

单位：浙江海洋大学海洋科学与技术学院, 浙江舟山 316022

分类号：P743.2

出版年·卷·期（页码）：2020·37·第四期（38-49）

摘要：

利用ECMWF的ERA-Interim风场数据与GEBCO_2014系列的水深数据，基于近海海浪模式SWAN，对2007年1月—2017年12月舟山近海的海浪开展水平分辨率为0.01°×0.01°的精细化模拟。通过对波功率密度、能级频率、变异系数的计算，并结合有效波高及风场的变化特征，综合分析了舟山海域的波能分布特征、富集程度及稳定状况，从而为舟山海域波浪能资源的开发和利用提供科学依据。结果表明：（1）舟山海域的波浪能分布具有显著的地域和季节性变化特征，其中朱家尖东南方向海域的波浪能在夏季最为丰富，而东极岛东北方向海域的波浪能则在冬季最为丰富，这两个海域的年平均波功率分别为1.97 kW/m和1.73 kW/m；（2）舟山海域波浪能稳定性存在差异，东极岛东北方向的海域在冬季波浪能的稳定性较好，朱家尖东南方向的海域以及象山、岱山等地区的北侧海域在夏季波浪能稳定性最差；（3）东极岛东北方向海域的波浪能丰富程度以及稳定性均为最佳，该海域具有较好的波浪能开发前景。

The ocean wave condition in the Zhoushan coastal area from January 2007 to December 2017 is simulated in this paper using SWAN model with a grid resolution of 0.01°×0.01° and the GEBCO_2014 bathymetric data, which is driven by the ECMWF ERA-interim wind field data. We comprehensively analysis the characteristics of wave energy distribution by calculating the wave power density, energy level frequency and difference coefficient and considering the variation characteristics of the significant wave height and wind field, which provides scientific basis for the development and utilization of wave energy in the Zhoushan coastal area. As a result,(1)the wave energy distribution has significant regional and seasonal characteristics in Zhoushan Sea, among which the SE-ZJJ sea area in summer and NE-DJ sea area in winter have the most abundant available wave energy, and their annual average wave power are 1.97 kW/m and 1.73 kW/m respectively.(2)The stability of wave energy in NE-DJ sea area is better in winter, but worst in SE-ZJJ sea area and the north sea area of Xiangshan and Daishan in summer.(3)Comprehensive analysis shows that the NE-DJ sea area with rich available wave energy and high stability has a good prospect for wave energy development.

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