漂浮式激光雷达海上测风可靠性及影响因素研究

作者：王浩1 2  易侃1 2  杜梦蛟2  薛洋洋1  顾晨3  王彩霞4  禹智斌5  张秀芝6

单位：1. 中国三峡新能源(集团)股份有限公司, 北京 101149; 2. 中国长江三峡集团有限公司科学技术研究院, 北京 100038; 3. 上海勘测设计研究院有限公司, 上海 200434; 4. 青岛华航环境科技有限责任公司, 山东 青岛 266041; 5. 哈尔滨工业大学(深圳), 广东 深圳 518055;

关键词：漂浮式激光雷达 可靠性 影响因素 偏差

分类号：P714+.2

出版年·卷·期（页码）：2022·39·第五期（70-83）

摘要：

基于漂浮式激光雷达与海上固定式测风塔同期的测风数据对比，分析了漂浮式激光雷达海上测风的可靠性和潜在的误差来源。结果表明：在对比观测期间，漂浮式激光雷达在150 m及以下各个测量高度层的数据获取完整率均超过98%。在100 m以下各测量高度层，漂浮式激光雷达观测的10 min平均风速、极大风速和平均风向与固定式测风塔测量结果基本一致，可决系数均超过0.98，平均相对偏差均在7%以内，其中，10 min平均风速和风向的平均绝对偏差分别在0.5 m/s和5°以内。漂浮式激光雷达湍流强度的测量偏差较为明显，主要集中在风速为3 m/s以下的低风速区，平均绝对偏差在0.012～0.014之间。进一步研究表明，在降雨期间漂浮式激光雷达的测量精度可能会受到一定影响，而对测量高度、中高风速段不同风速大小和波浪高度等要素的影响并不明显。

Using the simultaneous wind measurement results from the floating lidar systems (FLS) and offshore meteorological mast, this paper analyzes the reliability and potential error sources of the FLS for offshore wind measurement. The results show that, during the observation period for comparison, the integrity rate of the measured data of the FLS exceeds 98% at each measurement height under 150m. The FLS measured mean wind speed, maximum wind speed and mean wind direction at different measurement heights under 100m are basically consistent with those measured by the meteorological mast with the correlation coefficient R2 over 0.98 and the mean relative errors (MREs) less than 7%. The MAE of mean wind speed and wind direction are less than 0.5 m/s and 3°, respectively. The MAE of turbulence intensity measured by FLS is relatively large, which is mainly concentrated in the low wind speed region below 3m/s with the MAE between 0.012 and 0.014. The deviations between them is mainly periods. Further study shows that the accuracy of the FLS is potentially affected during the raining time, while the influences of measurement height, different wind speed with medium and high magnitude and wave height are insignificant.

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