台湾海峡两次典型冷空气过程的海浪研究

作者：丁萍

单位：福建省海洋预报台, 福建 福州 350003

关键词：冷空气 风 浪 台湾海峡

分类号：P731.22

出版年·卷·期（页码）：2023·40·第五期（35-48）

摘要：

基于浮标实测数据和欧洲中期天气预报中心再分析数值预报产品ERA5，采用时空分析的方法，对影响台湾海峡的两次典型冷空气过程中的风浪差异成因进行分析。结果表明：冬季，中心强度在1 028 hPa以上且在长江口—山东半岛南岸一带入海的冷空气，容易在台湾海峡形成浪高大于6 m的灾害性海浪；台湾海峡北部受涌浪影响较大，海峡内则风浪占主导，涌浪占比较小。

Based on buoys measurements and the ERA5 reanalysis data from the European Center for MediumRange Weather Forecasts, the causes and differences of wind waves in two typical cold air processes affecting the Taiwan Strait are analyzed by using the spatio-temporal analysis method. The results show that in wintertime, cold air with central intensity above 1 028 hPa, which encounters the ocean between the mouth of the Yangtze River and the south coast of the Shandong Peninsula, benefits for the formation of disastrous waves with wave height larger than 6 m in the Taiwan Strait. The northern part of Taiwan Strait is more affected by the swell, while in the strait wind wave dominates and the proportion of swell is small.

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