GNSS-IR测量水位的精度评估和站点对比：以中国南海北部和日本南部站点为例-海洋预报

GNSS-IR测量水位的精度评估和站点对比：以中国南海北部和日本南部站点为例

单位：1. 中山大学地球科学与工程学院, 广东省地球动力作用与地质灾害重点实验室, 广东珠海 519082;
2. 南方海洋科学与工程广东省实验室(珠海), 广东珠海 519082;
3. 香港理工大学土地测量及地理资讯学系, 香港 999077;
4. 国家海洋环境预报中心, 北京 100081;
5. 中

关键词：GNSS-IR 长期水位风暴潮反演影响因素

分类号：P731.34

出版年·卷·期（页码）：2024·41·第一期（61-73）

摘要：

通过南海北部和日本多个实例，量化分析影响近岸全球卫星导航系统干涉反射计（GNSS-IR）反演潮位或风暴潮过程效果的主要影响因素。结果表明：接收机所能接收的卫星信号波段数量、反射信号功率对反演的时间分辨率和精度影响巨大。研究以香港HKQT站点为例量化多模多频GNSS-IR监测风暴潮的优势，同时展示日本J425站点在潮位站空缺地区记录完整风暴潮波形的能力。分别针对卫星信号接受波段、硬件配置、台站架设位置和架设高度等因素，对未来架设具有测量海平面能力的近岸GNSS站点提供具体的指导意见。

In this study, we quantitatively analyze the factors influencing the inversion accuracy of tide or storm surge processes at several representative nearshore GNSS（Global Navigation Satellite System）stations in the northern South China Sea and Japan. Our findings indicate that the number of satellite signal bands received by the receiver and the power of the reflected signal significantly affect the time resolution and accuracy of the inversion. This research quantifies the benefits derived from employing multi-mode and multi-frequency GNSS monitoring for storm surges in the Hong Kong HKQT station. Furthermore, it highlights the capability of the Japanese J425 site to capture a comprehensive storm surge waveform in regions lacking tide stations. In addition, this study offers specific recommendations for future deployment of nearshore GNSS stations equipped with sea level measurement capabilities, taking into consideration factors such as satellite signal receiving bands, hardware configurations, station installation locations, and installation heights.

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