海洋灾害智防应用系统的设计与实现——以洞头区“浙海安康”系统为例-海洋预报

海洋灾害智防应用系统的设计与实现——以洞头区“浙海安康”系统为例

单位：1. 浙江省海洋科学院, 浙江杭州 310012;
2. 自然资源部海洋空间资源管理技术重点实验室, 浙江杭州 310012;
3. 温州市自然资源和规划局洞头分局, 浙江洞头 325700

分类号：P731.23

出版年·卷·期（页码）：2024·41·第五期（15-25）

摘要：

简要回顾了海洋防灾减灾领域应用系统的发展现状，分析了海洋防灾减灾管理决策支撑系统的现状和不足。针对现有海洋防灾减灾管理支撑的县级业务，分析不同灾害应对主体的海洋防灾减灾需求差异，创新性地提出立足县（区）需求的“浙海安康”海洋灾害智防应用系统的总体架构和主要功能，以及具体技术实现和系统应用。面向政府、管理员、公众等不同种类的用户，基于电脑和移动终端，设计了系统的指挥端、治理端和服务端，采用“四横四纵”整体架构，设计了“灾害智感”“灾害智评”“灾害智控”等业务模块，满足不同用户群体的管理决策和信息获取需要。通过系统应用，辅助决策部门快速掌握灾害态势，为民众提供便捷的专项预报服务。

This paper briefly reviews current status of marine disaster prevention and mitigation application systems, and analyzes the deficiencies of state-of-the-art decision support systems for marine disaster prevention and mitigation management. Based on existing county-level operations supported by these systems, this paper analyzes the needs of different disaster response subjects, proposes the overall architecture and main functions of the "Zhe Hai An Kang" system, and provides specific technical implementation and system application. To meet the needs of management decision-making and information acquisition of different user groups such as government, administrator and public, multiply sides including command side, governance side and server side are designed for computers and mobile devices, and multiply business modules such as Disaster Intelligent Perception, Disaster Intelligent Assessment and Disaster Intelligent Control are designed by adopting the "four horizontal and four vertical" overall architecture. Through the application of the system, the decision-making department can quickly find the disaster situation and provide convenient special forecasting services for the public.

参考文献：

[1] 中华人民共和国自然资源部. 数据/数据服务/海洋/公报公告:中国海洋灾害公报[EB/OL]. [2023-10-10]. http://www.mnr.gov.cn/sj/ sjfw/hy/gbgg/zghyzhgb/. Ministry of Natural Resources of the People's Republic of China. Data / data services / ocean / bulletin:China marine disaster bulletin [EB/OL]. [2023-10-10]. http://www.mnr.gov.cn/sj/sjfw/hy/gbgg/ zghyzhgb/.
[2] 姜志浩, 蔡勤禹. 我国海洋灾害演变趋势分析(1949—2020)[J]. 防灾科技学院学报, 2022, 24(2):90-99. JIANG Z H, CAI Q Y. Analysis on the evolution trend of marine disasters (1949—2020) [J]. Journal of Institute of Disaster Prevention, 2022, 24(2):90-99.
[3] 隋意, 石洪源, 钟超, 等. 我国台风风暴潮灾害研究[J]. 海洋湖沼通报, 2020(3):39-44. SUI Y, SHI H Y, ZHONG C, et al. Research on typhoon storm surge disaster in China[J]. Transactions of Oceanology and Limnology, 2020(3):39-44.
[4] 刘旭, 付翔, 王峥, 等. 我国风暴潮灾害直接经济损失分布与风险可保性研究[J]. 海洋预报, 2022, 39(6):90-101. LIU X, FU X, WANG Z, et al. The direct economic Loss distribution and risk insurability of typhoon storm surge disaster in China[J]. Marine Forecasts, 2022, 39(6):90-101.
[5] 吴淑萍, 王娟娟, 邢闯, 等. 中国近海2022年灾害性海浪分析及2023年预测[J]. 海洋预报, 2023, 40(4):1-9. WU S P, WANG J J, XING C, et al. Disastrous waves in China offshore waters:analysis of 2012 and prediction for 2013[J]. Marine Forecasts, 2023, 40(4):1-9.
[6] 张晓冉, 庞雨宁. 海水赤潮的危害及防治对策[J]. 河北渔业, 2017(4):59-60. ZHANG X R, PANG Y N. The harm of seawater red tide and its prevention and control countermeasures[J]. Hebei Fisheries, 2017(4):59-60.
[7] 浙江省自然资源厅. 首页/政务公开/统计数据/统计分析:2022年浙江省海洋灾害公报[EB/OL]. [2023-10-10]. https://zrzyt.zj.gov. cn/art/2023/5/15/art_1289933_59016481.html. Department of Natural Resources of Zhejiang Province. Home / open government / statistics / statistical analysis:Zhejiang marine disaster bulletin[EB/OL]. [2023-10-10]. https://zrzyt.zj.gov.cn/art/ 2023/5/15/art_1289933_59016481.html.
[8] 李云, 刘钦政, 王旭. 海上失事目标搜救应急预报系统[J]. 海洋预报, 2011, 28(5):77-81. LI Y, LIU Q Z, WANG X. Maritime search and rescue emergency forecasting system[J]. Marine Forecasts, 2011, 28(5):77-81.
[9] 李雪丁, 曾银东, 陈金瑞, 等. 福建省智能网格海洋预报业务系统实现与应用[J]. 海洋预报, 2021, 38(1):10-17. LI X D, ZENG Y D, CHEN J R, et al. Establishment and application of an intelligent grid operational marine forecasting in Fujian province[J]. Marine Forecasts, 2021, 38(1):10-17.
[10] 袁逸苇, 吴萍, 王丽琳, 等. 基于WebGIS的核电站海洋预警报信息服务系统研究[J]. 智能城市, 2021, 7(20):48-50. YUAN Y W, WU P, WANG L L, et al. Research on nuclear power station ocean forecast information service system based on WebGIS[J]. Intelligent City, 2021, 7(20):48-50.
[11] 王斌, 孟素婧, 王豹. 海洋预报公众服务移动应用系统的设计与实现[J]. 海洋预报, 2021, 38(6):56-63. WANG B, MENG S J, WANG B. The design and implementation of mobile phone application for marine forecast public services [J]. Marine Forecasts, 2021, 38(6):56-63.
[12] 夏达忠, 黄依之, 张行南. 沿海风暴潮预警预报与灾情评估系统研究[J]. 水利信息化, 2020(1):64-67. XIA D Z, HUANG Y Z, ZHANG X N. Study of storm surge warning and forecasting and disaster evaluation system[J]. Water Resources Informatization, 2020(1):64-67.
[13] 张建东, 董肇伟, 高廷, 等. 面向市级和县级海洋防灾减灾的综合管理系统设计和应用[J]. 海洋开发与管理, 2018, 35(4):81-85. ZHANG J D, DONG Z W, GAO T, et al. Design and application of integrated management system for marine disasters prevention and reduction at municipal and county level[J]. Ocean Development and Management, 2018, 35(4):81-85.
[14] 胡重明, 喻超. 技术与组织双向赋能:应急管理的整体智治—— 以杭州城市防汛防台体系数字化转型为例[J]. 浙江社会科学, 2022(7):59-67. HU C M, YU C. Two-way empowerment of technology and organization:exploring the path of overall intelligent governance in emergency management[J]. Zhejiang Social Sciences, 2022(7):59-67.
[15] 侯一筠, 尹宝树, 管长龙, 等. 我国海洋动力灾害研究进展与展望[J]. 海洋与湖沼, 2020, 51(4):759-767. HOU Y J, YIN B S, GUAN C L, et al. Progress and prospect in research on marine dynamic disasters in China[J]. Oceanologia et Limnologia Sinica, 2020, 51(4):759-767.
[16] 谭树亮, 王源, 高翔, 等. 海洋灾害防御和辅助决策支持系统设计[J]. 信息技术与信息化, 2022(8):74-77. TAN S L, WANG Y, GAO X, et al. Design of marine disaster prevention and auxiliary decision support system[J]. Information Technology & Informatization, 2022(8):74-77.
[17] 曹盛文, 刘金, 姜晓轶, 等. 海洋环境安全保障标准体系研究与实践[J]. 海洋信息技术与应用, 2023, 38(1):34-40. CAO S W, LIU J, JIANG X Y, et al. Research and practice of marine environmental security standard system[J]. Journal of Marine Information Technology and Application, 2023, 38(1):34-40.
[18] 汪明. 第一次全国自然灾害综合风险普查总体技术体系解读[J]. 城市与减灾, 2021(2):2-4. WANG M. Interpretation of the overall technical system of the first national comprehensive risk survey of natural disasters[J]. City and Disaster Reduction, 2021(2):2-4.
[19] 黄全义, 曹英志, 林天埜, 等. 海洋环境安全保障平台关键技术分析与探讨[J]. 海洋信息, 2018, 33(1):31-35, doi:10.19661/j. cnki.mi.2018.01.006. HUANG Q Y, CAO Y Z, LIN T Y, et al. Analysis and discussion on key technologies of Marine Environmental Security Platform [J]. Marine Information, 2018, 33(1):31-35.

服务与反馈：

【文章下载】【发表评论】【查看评论】【加入收藏】