赤道太平洋温度纬向对流距平分析及其与ElNiÑo/La NiÑa的关系

作者：蔡怡  余宙文

单位：国家海洋环境预报中心 北京 100081

关键词：纬向温度对流距平 EOF分析 ElNiñ o/La Niñ a

分类号：P732

出版年·卷·期（页码）：2004·2004·第一期（1-8）

摘要：

本文用最近20年赤道太平洋温度、流场资料,诊断了绝热不可压缩热平衡方程中纬向对流项,并且利用EOF分析方法,讨论了纬向对流距平变化及其与ElNino/LaNina的关系。分析发现:赤道太平洋温度纬向对流距平EOF分析第一模态反映了在经向的振荡,第二模态反映了在纬向的振动,它们都与ElNiño/La Niña有密切的联系。这两个模态占了总量的70%左右。纬向温度对流距平在3°S~3°N、3°S以南和3°N以北分为正负相间的三个不同的区域,当3°S以南和3°N以北的区域温度纬向对流正/负距平沿着斜温层向西太平洋移动时,赤道区域的温度纬向对流负/正距平则穿越斜温层向东太平洋移动,形成以赤道为对称的南北两个回路。对应赤道,在3°S以南和3°N以北区域的纬向温度对流距平并不是对称的,它们在位相、中心强度和中心强度位置上都是不同的,其中3°N以北与赤道区域形成一个比较明显的回路,而赤道以南的回路就不是那么明显。在赤道西太平洋暖池,温度的纬向对流有很大的贡献。在ElNiño发生前一年,赤道西太平洋暖池,主要暖的对流发生在赤道和其以南地区。

We discussed zonal temperature advection in the equatorial Pacific Ocean and its relation to El Niño by using EOF analysis. The data are from 1980 to 2001. The results show that its first mode changes with longitude and second mode with latitude. They all relate to El Niño and are 70% in total amount. There are three areas from 3°S to south, 3°S-3°N and from 3°N to north (area I, areaⅡ,area Ⅲ). There are weastward moving positive temperature advection in area I and Ⅲ, and eastward moving negative temperature advection in areaⅡ. They form two cycles in north and south of the equator. But north cycle is stronger than south cycle. The western Pacific warm pool is mainly contributed by zonal temperature advection. There is warm zonal temperature advection in warm pool from the equator to south before one year of El Niño occcurring.

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